Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature/System

Related Literature

This chapter provides a summary of the existing research related to the proposed capstone project Clucash. It highlights key themes and common findings that have come up in the existing literature, providing clear insights of what has been explored in this field.

Excessive retention of items at home

Excessive item retention at home, often referred to as hoarding, is becoming a significant issue for many individuals and families around the world. This behavior can lead to cluttered living spaces, emotional distress, and feelings of isolation.

In continental research, various studies address the problem of excessive item retention. In Germany, research investigates the motivations behind excessive item retention and the mental burden it creates. The study concludes that decluttering can motivate sustainable consumption by prompting individuals to reassess their material needs; however, it also highlights the risk of reverting to previous consumption habits (Muster et al., 2022). In the United States, a study emphasizes that compulsive hoarding is a complex disorder with severe consequences for individuals, families, and communities. It can lead to social isolation, health risks, and financial difficulties (Guzy-Steinke, 2024). In India, study explores the impacts of hoarding disorder and suggests comprehensive management strategies like cognitive-behavioral therapy and community support (Sreeraja Kumar & Reddeppa, 2019).

In the ASEAN region, particularly Singapore, an exploratory study on the lived experiences of hoarding reveals nine interrelated themes regarding hoarding behaviors. The findings emphasize serious consequences for individuals and communities while highlighting the need for increased public awareness and appropriate services (Subramaniam et al., 2019). In Malaysia, a scoping review addresses the prevalence and impact of hoarding issues and disorders, concluding that hoarding is a significant mental health concern that requires increased awareness and tailored intervention strategies (Hashim et al., 2023). Additionally, research on hoarding in Singapore discusses its prevalence and associated challenges, noting that it affects not only individuals but also family members and neighbors (Choo et al., 2015).

In the Philippines, studies examine various aspects of hoarding behavior. One study on customer preferences for second-hand clothing indicates a growing interest in reusing items but lacks exploration of how technology could streamline these processes (Te et al., 2022). Another study focuses on developing a culturally appropriate assessment tool for hoarding behaviors among Filipino youth. The findings demonstrate that this tool is reliable for assessing hoarding disorder symptoms in the Filipino youth population (Guanco, 2023). Furthermore, research exploring the link between Filipino consumer behavior and online retail therapy suggests that emotional factors significantly influence shopping habits (Novino et al., 2024).

The existing literature sheds light on the nature of excessive item retention at home. While various studies highlight psychological factors and cultural influences driving hoarding behaviors, there is a clear need for comprehensive solutions that combine community involvement with technological advancements. Clucash presents an innovative approach to addressing excessive retention of items at home. By facilitating selling or auctioning unwanted items, it aligns well with existing research that emphasizes the importance of decluttering as a means of promoting sustainable consumption.

Inefficient use of available time to declutter their home

Inefficient use of available time to declutter homes is a common challenge faced by many individuals. Busy lifestyles, filled with work and personal responsibilities, often leave little room for organizing living spaces. This lack of time leads to excessive accumulation of items, resulting in clutter that negatively impacts mental well-being and overall quality of life.

Continental studies reveal different approaches to managing time for decluttering. Research from the United States indicates that engaging in decluttering can shift consumer behavior towards more mindful purchasing decisions (Eike et al., 2021). This suggests that allocating time for decluttering not only benefits individuals but also promotes sustainable consumption. In Germany, research emphasizes the cultural significance of decluttering as a household practice that fosters environmental responsibility (Muster et al., 2022). Similarly, studies from Japan highlight the deep emotional connections people have with their possessions, suggesting that decluttering is a culturally significant practice (Gygi, 2022).

In the ASEAN region, particularly in the Philippines, a study investigates how the Oplan-Baklas operation affects elementary teachers' perceptions and experiences regarding this initiative (Bernales et al., 2024). Research in Singapore addresses the complexities encountered by service providers when managing hoarding cases and suggests improvements in management strategies (Vaingankar et al., 2022). Additionally, studies on solid waste management awareness in Palayan City emphasize the importance of community engagement in waste reduction efforts (Fhrizz De Jesus et al., 2022).

In the Philippines, one study looks into how cultural values influence the reasons behind keeping items versus letting them go. It finds that consumerism plays a significant role in shaping Filipino attitudes toward possessions and decluttering, highlighting the challenges posed by both hoarding and minimalism within Filipino traditions (Cabilao et al., 2019). Another study investigates the effects of interior design, especially minimalist concepts, on the mental health and well-being of teenagers. The findings indicate that creating minimalist living spaces can have a positive impact on mental health by fostering feelings of comfort and safety (Lacsamana, 2022). Additionally, another research examines how decluttering affects emotional well-being and a sense of belonging in living spaces. This study concludes that decluttering not only enhances physical space but also helps individuals feel more in control and at peace in their environments (Tiu et al., 2018).

The existing literature presents the nature of time management in decluttering homes, emphasizing the emotional and cultural factors that influence these behaviors. There is a clear need for comprehensive solutions that combine community involvement with structured support systems. One promising approach is Clucash, a platform designed to facilitate the selling or auctioning of unwanted items. By streamlining these processes, Clucash can enhance time management in decluttering, making it easier for individuals to part with excess possessions while promoting sustainable consumption.

Limited alternative channels to repurpose or sell surplus used items

Limited alternative channels for repurposing or selling surplus used items present significant challenges in promoting sustainable consumption. Many individuals struggle to find suitable platforms for responsibly disposing of unwanted goods, leading to excessive accumulation of items at home. As people become more aware of the importance of reusing and recycling, the lack of accessible options can lead to frustration and disengagement from sustainable practices.

Continental studies reveal diverse approaches to addressing the issue of second-hand consumption and circular fashion. In South Korea, research shows that consumers' perceptions of a product's history significantly influence their willingness to buy second-hand clothing, suggesting that increasing awareness about product origins could enhance engagement in second-hand markets (Kim et al., 2021). In Finland, another study finds that while young adults recognize the importance of the circular economy, there are gaps in their knowledge and practical application, indicating a need for educational initiatives to empower consumers in repurposing items (Korsunova et al., 2021). Meanwhile, research in Brazil identifies a framework of consumer motivations for purchasing second-hand fashion, emphasizing the active role consumers play in promoting circular economy practices (Machado et al., 2019).

In ASEAN countries, studies reveal insights into waste management and consumer behavior. In Singapore, research shows that households are not more proactive in waste minimization despite public campaigns. It finds that future-oriented thinking and a strong environmental identity positively influence reuse and recycling behaviors (Ong et al., 2019). This indicates that increasing awareness and providing practical repurposing channels could enhance community engagement in sustainable practices. In the Philippines, another study examines Filipino Gen Z consumers' perceptions of second-hand clothing (ukay-ukay), finding that perceived values significantly shape their attitudes, impacting purchase intentions and word-of-mouth behavior (Bengzon et al., Year). A broader analysis across the ASEAN region evaluates circular economy strategies, concluding that countries adopt varied approaches based on their economic conditions and cultural contexts, identifying best practices and challenges in transitioning to sustainable economic models (Herrador & Van Manh, 2024).

In the Philippines, studies highlight challenges related to limited channels for selling second-hand goods. The research "Investigating Second-Hand Fashion Trade and Consumption in the Philippines" reveals that second-hand fashion is driven by economic necessity and environmental awareness, but limited access to these markets can hinder participation (Isla, 2013). Another study, "A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) – Based Approach in the Development of a Re-Circulation System for Secondhand Textbooks," discusses how recirculation systems can promote reuse, emphasizing the need for more comprehensive solutions (Noroña & Acot, 2020). Additionally, "Reuse of Secondhand TVs Exported from Japan to the Philippines" examines the environmental implications of exporting used televisions, noting economic benefits but significant pollution concerns (Yoshida & Terazono, 2010). Overall, these studies underscore the importance of improving access and infrastructure for second-hand markets to enhance sustainability and consumer engagement.

The insights gained from existing literature present a critical need for alternative channels to repurpose or sell surplus used items. While various studies provide valuable perspectives on consumer behavior regarding hoarding and decluttering, there remains a significant gap in accessible solutions. Clucash proposes a platform that addresses these challenges by offering users options to sell or auction unwanted items. By facilitating these processes, Clucash aligns with existing research emphasizing the importance of creating viable pathways for sustainable consumption.

Related Systems

Excessive retention of items at home

Facebook Marketplace, launched in 2016 by Meta Platforms, Inc., allows users to buy and sell items locally through its extensive social network. OfferUp, founded in 2011, emphasizes community engagement with a user-friendly interface and in-app payments. Decluttr, specializing in tech items since 2014, offers a quick selling process via barcode scanning. In comparison, Clucash aims for a broader audience by providing multiple options like fixed price selling or auction.

Inefficient use of available time to declutter their home

Tody, developed by LoopLoop Aps and launched in 2013, focuses on household cleaning management with customizable schedules. Todoist, created by Doist in 2007, serves as a versatile task management tool. Sortly, released in 2013 by Sortly, LLC, offers visual inventory tracking through photos and QR codes. In comparison, Clucash aims to facilitate decluttering by allowing users to create an inventory on items that can potentially be sold.

Limited alternative channels to repurpose or sell surplus used items

eBay, launched in 1995 by eBay Inc., is a global auction and shopping platform that allows users to list items for auction or at fixed prices. Carousell, developed by Carousell Group and launched in 2012 in Singapore, focuses on simplicity with a mobile-friendly interface that enables users to easily create photo listings. Facebook Marketplace, introduced in 2016 by Meta Platforms, Inc., leverages its vast social network to facilitate local transactions, allowing users to buy and sell items within their communities. In comparison, Clucash provides a flexible approach to decluttering by enabling users to sell items at fixed prices or through auction.

Clucash is a platform that addresses the need for more options in the second-hand marketplace. Unlike traditional platforms, Clucash allows users to sell items at fixed prices or through auctions, catering to diverse selling motivations. This flexibility promotes decluttering and enhances user engagement while encouraging responsible disposal of surplus or second-hand goods.